Dedicated PACS administrator and support services
Scope, project management & OEM documentation
Biomedical & IT teams deployed nationwide
Dedicated service desk for Nigerian facilities
PACS Administration & Support is the specialised technical service that ensures your Picture Archiving and Communication System—the digital backbone of your radiology department—runs without interruption. It's for hospitals, diagnostic centres, and clinics that have moved beyond film and need to manage, store, and distribute digital medical images like X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs reliably. This service solves critical operational pain points: system downtime that halts patient diagnosis, slow image retrieval that frustrates radiologists, data loss that creates clinical and legal risks, and integration failures with your Hospital Information System (HIS) or Radiology Information System (RIS). We typically serve facilities ranging from large federal teaching hospitals in Abuja and Lagos running complex systems like Siemens Syngo.via, to private multi-site diagnostic chains in Port Harcourt and Kano using solutions like GE Centricity, and even NGO-supported clinics in rural areas deploying teleradiology platforms. The core value is shifting the burden of complex IT management from your clinical staff to certified engineers, ensuring patient data is always secure, accessible, and flowing smoothly from the modality to the reporting physician.
Ad-hoc, emergency PACS support costs between NGN 150,000 - NGN 400,000 per incident, excluding travel and parts. Bundled preventive maintenance and remote support contracts typically range from NGN 3,000,000 to NGN 12,000,000 annually. A fully outsourced, turnkey PACS administration service with guaranteed uptime, on-site staff, and hardware management can cost from NGN 15,000,000 to over NGN 50,000,000 per year. The primary cost drivers are the number and type of connected modalities (e.g., a 64-slice GE Optima CT is more complex than a CR reader), the size of your image archive (in terabytes), the number of user licenses, the level of integration with your HIS/RIS, and the required response time defined in the Service Level Agreement (SLA). Costs are higher for facilities outside major hubs like Lagos or Abuja due to travel logistics.
Contact Franance for a customised quote based on a free assessment of your facility's specific needs.
The absolute cheapest PACS support is a remote-only, pay-as-you-go service, costing between NGN 75,000 and NGN 150,000 per resolved ticket. This typically excludes on-site visits, any hardware support, proactive system monitoring, data backup verification, and regulatory documentation. The major risks of such a minimal scope are extended downtime, as there's no guaranteed response time, and the potential for catastrophic data loss if a server fails and backups haven't been properly managed or tested. Hidden costs emerge quickly when an issue requires an on-site visit, which is then billed at a premium emergency rate, or when you need to recover data from a failed hard drive, a service not covered under the basic plan.
A low initial price can quickly become your most expensive option when a real crisis hits.
An affordable, value-optimised PACS support bundle costs between NGN 250,000 and NGN 800,000 per month. This model provides the best balance of cost and risk mitigation for most Nigerian facilities. It moves beyond reactive, break-fix support to a proactive partnership. The core benefit is predictable operational expenditure and significantly reduced risk of downtime. By bundling scheduled on-site preventive maintenance, unlimited remote support, and proactive system monitoring, minor issues are caught before they become critical failures. For example, an engineer might remotely detect a failing hard drive in your RAID array and schedule a replacement before it fails completely, preventing data loss and service interruption.
This bundled approach delivers peace of mind and operational stability at a predictable cost.
An Annual Maintenance Contract (AMC) for PACS, covering only labour, ranges from NGN 3M to NGN 12M annually. A Comprehensive Maintenance Contract (CMC), which includes labour and all necessary spare parts for the server and workstations, costs significantly more, typically from NGN 8M to NGN 25M+. The fundamental difference is who bears the financial risk of hardware failure. With an AMC, if your PACS server's motherboard fails, you pay for the replacement part, which can be a large, unbudgeted expense. With a CMC, the service provider is responsible for replacing the part at no additional cost.
| Feature | Annual Maintenance Contract (AMC) | Comprehensive Maintenance Contract (CMC) |
|---|---|---|
| Cost | Lower annual fee (NGN 3M-12M) | Higher annual fee (NGN 8M-25M+) |
| Labour | Included | Included |
| Spare Parts | Excluded (Client pays) | Included (Provider pays) |
| Budgeting | Unpredictable (risk of high part costs) | Predictable (fixed annual cost) |
| Provider Incentive | Resolve issue (incentive not tied to hardware) | Maximise uptime (incentivised to use reliable parts) |
| Best For | Facilities with strong in-house biomedical teams and a budget for unforeseen expenses. | Facilities prioritising maximum uptime and predictable operational costs, especially those with donor funding. |
A CMC aligns the provider's goals with yours—maximum uptime—making it the preferred choice for mission-critical systems.
Get a detailed, no-obligation quote for PACS Administration & Support tailored to your facility's exact needs from Franance today.
You can find PACS support providers primarily in Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt, with some presence in Kano and Enugu. However, for reliable service, you must verify their ability to support your specific location, as many smaller providers lack true nationwide reach. The selection process should go beyond a simple web search. Start by asking for referrals from other hospitals or your equipment vendors. Your due diligence must include verifying their corporate registration with the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC), checking their engineers' OEM certifications (e.g., certified for Siemens Syngo or GE Centricity), and requesting proof of professional indemnity insurance. Franance simplifies this by pre-vetting all our engineers, ensuring they are not only technically certified but also compliant with all local regulations, saving you the time and risk of doing it yourself.
Never engage a provider who cannot readily supply these fundamental documents.
Franance provides OEM-certified, nationwide PACS Administration and Support, covering everything from initial system commissioning and integration to 24/7 monitoring, maintenance, and user training. Our service stack is built on a foundation of verified, experienced engineers located in strategic hubs across Nigeria, ensuring we can meet stringent SLA commitments whether you are in Lagos or Maiduguri. We manage the entire lifecycle of your PACS environment, ensuring data integrity, system uptime, and regulatory compliance.
The best PACS support provider is one with documented, multi-vendor expertise, a high engineer-to-client ratio, and a transparent, data-driven reporting system. Look for providers who support a wide portfolio of systems—from enterprise-level solutions like Siemens Syngo.via in a teaching hospital to more common platforms like Carestream or E-film in a diagnostic centre. This demonstrates deep domain knowledge. The best providers, like Franance, invest in their own diagnostic tools, maintain a local stock of common server parts (e.g., RAID controllers, power supplies), and provide you with a digital dashboard to track service requests, system uptime, and SLA performance in real-time. This level of transparency and investment separates a top-tier partner from a basic break-fix vendor.
A standard Scope of Work (SOW) for PACS support includes proactive system monitoring, user administration, data backup management, scheduled preventive maintenance, and reactive troubleshooting. The process is typically phased. Phase 1: Assessment & Onboarding (Week 1) involves a full system audit, documentation of your network topology, and establishing secure remote access. Phase 2: Stabilisation & Optimisation (Month 1) focuses on resolving any existing issues, optimising database performance, and confirming the backup strategy. Phase 3: Ongoing Management & Support (Continuous) is the day-to-day execution of the SLA, including handling user requests, performing monthly system health checks, and generating performance reports. The SOW must be a detailed, documented agreement, not a vague promise.
The service works through a structured methodology combining remote monitoring, scheduled on-site visits, and a formal ticketing system. The process begins with an initial system audit against best practices (e.g., IEC 80001-1 for risk management of IT networks). Our methodology uses a combination of automated monitoring tools that track server health 24/7 and a digital service platform where your users can log support requests. When an alert is triggered or a ticket is logged, it's assigned a priority level based on the SLA. Remote tools are used for initial diagnosis and resolution. If the issue requires physical intervention, an engineer is dispatched from the nearest hub (Lagos, Abuja, PH, Kano). All actions are documented in the service report, which forms a critical part of your hospital's quality management and audit trail.
A typical PACS SLA in Nigeria is tiered with defined response times: Critical (system down) - 1-hour remote response, 4-6 hour on-site response in major cities; Urgent (key function impaired, e.g., images not sending to a modality) - 2-hour remote response, next business day on-site; Routine (e.g., adding a new user) - 4-hour remote response, scheduled on-site visit. The SLA should also specify a target uptime percentage (e.g., 99.5%), define the hours of coverage (e.g., 24/7 for critical issues), and include penalty clauses or service credits if the provider fails to meet these targets. A robust SLA from a provider like Franance will also include a commitment to remote triage within 30 minutes for all critical issues to provide immediate guidance while an engineer is en route.
Request a copy of the Franance PACS Support SLA to see our guaranteed response times, uptime commitments, and transparent reporting structure.
Upon completion of any service intervention, you should receive a detailed digital Service Report. For scheduled preventive maintenance, you receive a PM Certificate confirming all checklist items were completed. Key deliverables include an updated Asset Register with the current status of all PACS-related hardware, a PM Schedule for the year, and a comprehensive report after any major incident detailing the root cause and corrective actions. For donor-funded projects, this documentation is non-negotiable and forms the basis of your reports to partners like USAID or the Global Fund. Franance provides all documentation through a secure online portal, ensuring you have 24/7 access for audits or internal reviews.
Compliance involves ensuring the entire imaging chain, managed by the PACS, adheres to Nigerian regulations. For any connected radiation-emitting modalities (CT, X-ray), you must meet the Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA) requirements for radiation safety and dose tracking, and your PACS administrator must ensure dose information is correctly archived. Hardware like servers and medical-grade monitors must meet Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON) requirements. Most importantly, patient data stored on the PACS falls under the Nigeria Data Protection Regulation (NDPR), requiring strict access controls, audit trails, and data breach protocols, which your PACS support provider must help you implement and maintain.
A standard preventive maintenance (PM) schedule for a PACS is bi-annually or quarterly, depending on system complexity and patient volume. A typical PM visit takes 4-6 hours. The process involves the engineer running diagnostic scripts, optimising the database, applying approved software patches, checking server hardware logs for predictive failures (e.g., SMART errors on hard disks), verifying backup integrity, and cleaning server room air filters. All these activities are logged digitally in a CMMS for trend analysis and audit purposes.
The emergency repair process begins with an immediate call to the dedicated support hotline. The first step is remote triage, where a support engineer will connect to your system within 15-30 minutes to diagnose the problem. They will attempt to resolve it remotely, for instance, by restarting a failed service or clearing a full cache. If the issue is a hardware failure or cannot be fixed remotely, a field engineer is dispatched with an estimated arrival time based on your location (e.g., 4 hours for Lagos, 6-8 hours for a remote site). The escalation path is clearly defined: if the first-line engineer cannot resolve the issue within a set time, it is automatically escalated to a senior engineer or the service manager.
Availability of authentic spare parts for PACS servers (e.g., Dell PowerEdge, HP ProLiant) can have lead times of 2-4 weeks if not stocked locally. A key differentiator for a quality provider like Franance is maintaining a local stock of common failure items like power supply units (PSUs), RAID controller batteries, and enterprise-grade hard drives. This can reduce downtime from weeks to hours. You must verify that the provider sources genuine, OEM-certified parts, as grey market components can cause system instability and will void your hardware warranty. For facilities in remote areas, logistics planning is critical; the SOW should specify how parts will be transported (e.g., air cargo, dedicated vehicle) to meet SLA targets.
Training should be role-based and practical, covering administrators, radiographers, and clinicians (radiologists and referring physicians). A typical training plan includes a 2-day intensive session for PACS administrators covering user management, system monitoring, and basic troubleshooting. Radiographers receive a 4-hour session focused on image acquisition, quality control, and sending studies to PACS. Clinicians get a 2-hour session on using the viewer, accessing patient histories, and using reporting tools. Franance provides documented training, competency checklists for each user group, and schedules annual refresher courses to ensure skills remain current.
A Computerised Maintenance Management System (CMMS) provides a digital, real-time inventory of all your PACS assets, from the main server down to individual radiologist workstations and monitors. Each asset is tagged, and all service activities—PMs, repairs, user requests—are logged against it. This allows you to track critical Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) like Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) and Mean Time To Repair (MTTR). For hospital management, a CMMS dashboard provides a clear overview of system health, service costs, and asset lifecycle, enabling data-driven decisions on when to upgrade or replace equipment.
A power audit for your PACS server room involves using a power quality analyser to log voltage, current, frequency, and power factor over a 72-hour period, capturing data during NEPA supply, generator power, and changeovers. The outcome is a detailed report that identifies issues like voltage sags/swells, harmonics, and frequency instability. Based on this data, the provider will recommend and correctly size a pure sine wave online double-conversion UPS and a servo-motor AVR (stabilizer). This is critical in Nigeria to protect sensitive server components from damage and prevent the data corruption that can occur during erratic power changeovers, ensuring the longevity and reliability of your PACS investment.
The relocation process for a PACS involves a multi-stage project: 1. Pre-move Audit: Documenting the current configuration. 2. Data Backup: Performing a full, verified backup of all image data and the database. 3. Decommissioning: Systematically shutting down and labelling all components. 4. Packing & Transport: Using specialised packaging and insured logistics to move the hardware. 5. Re-installation: Racking the servers and reconnecting all network and power cables at the new site. 6. Commissioning & Validation: Powering up the system, restoring data, testing all functionalities, and re-establishing connections to modalities and the HIS. A typical on-site relocation within the same city takes 2-3 days and requires careful planning to minimise clinical downtime.
The deinstallation process involves safely powering down and physically removing all PACS hardware in compliance with Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) standards. The most critical step is data sanitisation. All hard drives containing patient data must be securely wiped using a certified multi-pass algorithm (e.g., DoD 5220.22-M) or physically destroyed to comply with NDPR and protect patient confidentiality. A professional provider will give you a Certificate of Data Destruction, creating a legal chain-of-custody. Disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) must be done through a government-approved e-waste handler to avoid environmental penalties.
Quality control (QC) is a scheduled process, typically performed quarterly, to verify that the PACS is performing to clinical and technical standards. This involves more than just checking if the server is on. It includes running phantom image tests to check for data integrity from modality to display, measuring image retrieval times from various workstations to ensure they are within acceptable limits (e.g., under 3 seconds), and verifying that diagnostic monitors are calibrated to DICOM Part 14 grayscale standards. Trend analysis of these QC results can predict future performance degradation.
Electrical safety testing for PACS hardware is performed annually to ensure all components are safe for use by operators and patients in the hospital environment, in line with IEC 60601-1 standards. The process involves using a calibrated electrical safety analyser to test each component (server, workstations, monitors) for earth continuity, insulation resistance, and leakage currents. Each tested device is then tagged with a "Pass" sticker showing the test date and the next due date. This documentation is a critical requirement for hospital accreditation and demonstrates due diligence in maintaining a safe clinical environment.
The key metrics (KPIs) tracked are System Uptime (target >99.5%), Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) (target <4 hours for critical issues), First Contact Resolution Rate (target >70% for remote support), and SLA Attainment (target 100%). These KPIs are tracked through the service provider's CMMS and presented to you in a monthly performance report and via a real-time online dashboard. This data-driven approach moves the conversation from "I feel like the system is slow" to "Image retrieval time has increased by 15% this month; let's investigate the root cause." This is especially vital for NGO-funded programs that require quantitative evidence of service delivery.
Standard payment options include quarterly or bi-annual payments in advance for annual maintenance contracts. For larger, multi-year contracts, milestone-based payments are common, tied to specific deliverables like system go-live or completion of user training. Some providers may require a performance bond from their bank to guarantee service delivery, a common requirement in government procurement. Franance offers flexible payment terms, including financing options that allow you to spread the cost of a comprehensive service contract over its duration, converting a large capital expense into a manageable operational expense.
Service is available nationwide, but the quality and response time vary significantly. True nationwide coverage means having strategically located engineers and service hubs, not just a willingness to travel from Lagos for every call. Franance operates with key service hubs in Lagos, Abuja, Port Harcourt, and Kano. This structure allows us to provide rapid on-site response to major metropolitan areas and efficiently serve surrounding states through scheduled, routed visits for preventive maintenance. All locations are supported by our central remote support desk, ensuring that no matter where your facility is, expert help is immediately available.
Share your requirements for rollout, training and SLAs. Our service desk will prepare budgets, documentation and timelines aligned to your facility.
30+ Years
Experience delivering healthcare projects in Nigeria
OEM Certified
Biomedical & IT teams for installation, calibration & support
Nationwide
Coverage across Lagos, Abuja, Port Harcourt, Kano & beyond
Honest answers about scope, pricing, delivery and support so you can plan with confidence.
PACS support costs range from ₦1.5M to ₦5M annually per facility, depending on the number of modalities and users. A comprehensive contract for a facility with a GE Optima CT680 and a Philips DigitalDiagnost C90 X-ray would be on the higher end. This typically covers remote monitoring, on-site support, and software updates. Consider a bundled package for better rates.
An Annual Maintenance Contract (AMC) covers preventive maintenance and labour, while a Comprehensive Maintenance Contract (CMC) also includes spare parts. For a high-volume centre using a Siemens SOMATOM go.Up CT, a CMC is recommended to avoid unpredictable costs for components like the X-ray tube or detector, which can exceed ₦20M.
Yes, flexible payment terms like quarterly or bi-annual payments are common. For large-scale projects, such as integrating a new Siemens Artis Q cath lab, providers may offer financing options through partners like Franance. This allows hospitals to spread the capital expenditure over 12-36 months, easing cash flow constraints.
No, the support cost typically covers the central PACS server, network, and modality integration, not the individual radiologist workstations. Support for high-performance Barco or EIZO diagnostic monitors is usually a separate line item in the service agreement. Clarify this during contract negotiation to avoid unexpected expenses for workstation hardware failure.
A standard SLA guarantees a 4-hour remote response time and 24-hour on-site support for critical issues in Lagos. For a major failure, like a Siemens Syngo.via server going offline, this ensures a qualified engineer is dispatched promptly. Non-critical issues, such as a user login problem, are typically resolved remotely within 8 hours.
Remote administration works via a secure VPN connection to your PACS server, allowing engineers to monitor system health, manage user accounts, and troubleshoot errors without being on-site. For instance, if a GE Revolution CT scanner fails to send images, a remote engineer can diagnose the DICOM transfer issue in minutes, minimizing downtime.
The process involves a site survey, network configuration, DICOM conformance statement review, and testing, typically taking 3-5 business days. To integrate a new Philips IntelliSite Pathology Solution, the support team first verifies network bandwidth and port availability, then configures the DICOM node on the PACS server, and finally performs end-to-end image transfer tests.
Security is ensured through encrypted VPN tunnels, multi-factor authentication for support engineers, and strict access control lists (ACLs). All remote sessions are logged and audited. When accessing a Carestream Vue PACS, the connection is secured with AES-256 encryption, and engineers only have access to system logs, not patient-identifiable information.
Choose a provider with proven experience supporting your specific equipment, like GE Centricity or Agfa Enterprise Imaging, and a physical presence in your region. Ask for case studies from Nigerian hospitals like Reddington or Eko Hospital. Verify they have certified engineers for your modalities, such as a Siemens Artis zee biplane system, to ensure competent support.
A nationwide provider offers standardized support and faster response times across multiple locations, crucial for hospital groups. If you have facilities in both Abuja and Port Harcourt, a national provider can dispatch engineers from local hubs, unlike a regional provider who might travel from Lagos. This ensures consistent uptime for your Philips Ingenia Ambition 1.5T MRI.
A qualified engineer should have certifications from PACS vendors like Carestream or Sectra, and a strong background in medical imaging informatics (CIIP). They must understand DICOM, HL7 standards, and networking. For a complex setup involving a GE Discovery PET/CT 710, the engineer must also have specific training on that modality's integration protocols.
Yes, a reputable third-party provider can support OEM software like Siemens Syngo.via or GE Centricity Universal Viewer, often more cost-effectively. They maintain a team of engineers with cross-platform expertise. However, for proprietary hardware failures on a Philips IntelliSpace Portal, they may still need to source parts from the OEM, which should be outlined in the CMC.
A comprehensive SOW must detail response times (SLAs), preventive maintenance schedules, a list of all covered equipment by serial number (e.g., Fuji Synapse PACS Server, Dell PowerEdge R740), and escalation procedures. It should also specify what is excluded, such as application training or major software version upgrades, to prevent future disputes.
Preventive maintenance (PM) is performed quarterly for the PACS server and annually for connected modalities. A quarterly PM for a Dell server running Carestream Vue PACS includes checking storage capacity, clearing temporary files, reviewing error logs, and testing backup integrity. This proactive approach prevents catastrophic data loss and system crashes.
A detailed service report should be provided within 24 hours of call closure. This report must include the reported issue, diagnostic steps, the root cause, the resolution implemented, and any recommendations. For a DICOM routing issue with a Hologic 3Dimensions mammography unit, the report would specify the exact configuration change made.
Updates and patches are managed in a controlled manner, typically scheduled during off-peak hours like weekends to minimize clinical disruption. Before deploying a patch on a live Agfa Enterprise Imaging server, it is first tested in a sandboxed environment. The hospital's IT department is always notified at least 48 hours in advance of any planned system changes.
Outsourced administration is generally more cost-effective and provides access to a wider range of expertise. An in-house team may struggle to support diverse modalities like a Canon Aquilion Prime SP CT and a GE LOGIQ E10 ultrasound. Outsourcing gives you a dedicated team of specialists for a fraction of the cost of hiring multiple certified engineers.
The main risk with some third-party providers is a potential delay in sourcing proprietary spare parts for equipment like a Siemens Magnetom Sola MRI. However, established third-party providers have robust supply chains and often provide faster response times. Mitigate this risk by verifying their spare parts inventory and logistics capabilities before signing a contract.
A comprehensive contract provides predictable annual costs and proactive maintenance, preventing major failures. Pay-per-incident can seem cheaper initially but becomes expensive with frequent or major issues, like a RAID failure on your PACS storage array. For a busy imaging centre in Abuja, a contract ensures guaranteed uptime, which is critical for patient throughput and revenue.
We ensure compliance by maintaining detailed service logs and calibration records for all connected radiation-emitting modalities, as required by the Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA). After any service on a GE Optima CT540, we provide a service report that can be used for your annual NNRA audit, documenting that the equipment's DICOM output is functioning correctly.
While the primary medical device (e.g., the CT scanner) requires NAFDAC registration, the PACS software itself, as a Medical Device Data System (MDDS), has different requirements. We ensure the PACS system, such as Sectra Enterprise Imaging, is deployed and maintained in a way that doesn't alter the core function of the NAFDAC-registered parent device, maintaining its compliance.
The Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON) is relevant for the hardware components of your PACS, such as servers and medical-grade displays. We ensure all supplied hardware, like Dell PowerEdge servers or Barco diagnostic monitors, meets SONCAP requirements for quality and safety, providing the necessary documentation for your records.
Our protocol is a four-step process: immediate remote assessment (within 15 minutes), escalation to a Level 2 engineer, dispatch of an on-site team (within 4 hours for major cities), and initiation of the disaster recovery plan. For a complete server crash of a Fuji Synapse system, we would immediately begin restoring from the most recent backup to a standby server.
Your first point of contact is our 24/7 dedicated support hotline. This call is logged, a ticket is immediately created and assigned to a primary support engineer. You are not routed through a generic call centre. This ensures the person you speak to understands the urgency of a GE Centricity PACS being down in a busy emergency department.
We first isolate the affected server to prevent further corruption. Then, we initiate a data restore from the last known good backup, which is typically performed daily. For a critical system like a Carestream Clinical Collaboration Platform, we would restore the database and image cache to a state just before the event, with a target data loss of less than 24 hours.
A typical schedule includes monthly remote check-ups, quarterly on-site server maintenance, and an annual system-wide performance review. The monthly check for a Sectra PACS involves reviewing server logs, checking storage utilization, and verifying backup success. The quarterly on-site visit includes physical hardware inspection and cleaning of server room equipment.
We troubleshoot this by first analyzing the network path from the Siemens SOMATOM Drive CT to the PACS server, checking for latency and packet loss. Next, we review the PACS server's performance metrics for I/O bottlenecks. Often, the issue is a misconfigured network switch or insufficient server RAM, which can be quickly identified and resolved.
We maintain a local inventory of common failure components like hard drives, power supplies, and network cards for server models like the Dell PowerEdge R740. For less common or proprietary parts for a Philips IntelliSpace portal, we have established logistics channels with major suppliers to ensure delivery within 48-72 hours, minimizing extended downtime.
The implementation follows a 5-step process over 1-2 weeks: 1) System audit and discovery. 2) SOW finalization. 3) Secure remote access setup (VPN). 4) Onboarding call with your key staff (radiographers, IT). 5) Go-live and initiation of monitoring. This structured approach ensures a smooth transition from your previous provider or in-house team.
A full data migration can take from 2 weeks to 3 months, depending on the data volume. Migrating 5TB of historical studies from an old Carestream system to a new Agfa Enterprise Imaging platform typically involves an initial bulk transfer over a weekend, followed by a delta migration of new studies. We use specialized DICOM migration tools to ensure data integrity.